Equilíbrio corporal em crianças com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade

Abstract

AIM: To analyze the issue of body balance in children with ADHD . METHODS: A survey was conducted in the electronic databases LILACS , SciELO , Cochrane , PEDro and Embase through the association of the following descriptors : disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, child, postural balance, electronystagmography, vestibular function tests, vertigo, dizziness and gait, center of pressure, static balance, gaze and body equilibrium in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The inclusion criteria were: target population (children) and the title and abstract language (Portuguese , English or Spanish). RESULTS: Seven articles were found in PubMed, one article in Lilacs and eight in Embase. No articles were found in the databases SciELO, Cochrane, Medline and PEDro. Among the articles that were found, 10 articles were excluded because the text is in Chinese, Japanese or Czech, the article was not available or referred to Annals of Congress abstract. All articles are case-control type (level of evidence V). To evaluate balance, the articles used Static or Dynamic Posturography, equilibrium subtest of a Development Scale, stabilogram, Oscillation posture test, movement coordination test and gait tests. Except fo two studies, all of them point to the presence of body balance dysfunction in children with ADHD. Some studies, however, presented methodological shortcomings: studies that did not considered the types of ADHD or not mentioned the types that were included in the study; and omited the presence or absence of medication use among children with ADHD. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that there is a relationship between ADHD and disorders of postural balance. Furthermore, the use of drugs seems to positively influence the postural control. All tests used to assess postural balance were effective, but the posturography provided more information about the involved systems. However, it is necessary further investigations