A objetividade do conhecimento na psicopatologia

Abstract

The scientific discourse about psychic suffering, that is, psychopathology, has several theoretical references, it being, thus, multidisciplinary. For some people this feature indicates a virtue of the discipline, but this, at the same time, is responsible for the occurrence of controversies. The method used in this dissertation, typical of fundamental psychopathology, consists in the use of a case study in addition to multidisciplinary theoretical research. In the clinical case described here it became evident the difficulty of professionals with different theoretical presuppositions to establish a dialogue. This seems to have influenced the treatment in a negative way. The aim of this dissertation is to consider both the concept of objectivity and subjectivity in the construction of psychopathological knowledge. We use some aspects of the thought of Sigmund Freud and Karl Jaspers as comparative theoretical references. We discuss some more general questions, such as the differences between the human and the natural sciences, and other issues related to metaphysics, such as the status of reality itself. We focus the concept of hysteria, and conclude that discussing the use of concepts from common sense is essential. It will, thus, be possible to contextualize and, so denaturalize, the premise that there is only one valid way of describing reality. Conceptual diversity could, then, be validated. This will tend to improve interdisciplinary dialogue and, consequently, the very psychopathological treatment