O arquétipo do pai na cultura patriarcal: um estudo sobre a relação pai-filho e seus reflexos na subjetividade do homem atual

Abstract

The present dissertation aims at a discussion of the masculine identity closely related to the concept of fatherhood. To estimate the modes of the father archetype's achievement in the patriarchal culture, the author focuses on the relashionship father-son and its outcome for the maculine identity of the contemporary men. Historic, mythological, social and political aspects are taken into account with emphasis on the coming of the patriarchate and its consequences for the subjectivity of both genders. A general junguian approach is applied along with the more specific theoretical propositions of Carlos Byington concerning the development of a Symbolic Psychology. For an overview of the father-son relationship and of the structuring of the masculine identity, the concepts of structuring dynamisms of the psyche (matriarchal, patriarchal, alterity and cosmic cicles) are used for a better understanding of the process through which the young man leaves the mother world and enters the father world. The development of the masculine psyche is covered in what concerns the relation established with the parental complexes; in order to broaden the discussion, rites of iniciation in primitive societies as well as the manner in which they are undertaken nowadays are considered. The history of eastern culture has favored the constellation of the father archetype and the holding of fatherhood in a rather rigid and dogmatic way. Following recent social, political and economical changes, the growing power and scope achieved by women in the last three decades have made it possible for the boy to confidently search for the conquest of his masculine identity