A dimensão subjetiva do trabalho com o jogo: um estudo com professores de educação física escolar

Abstract

In this study, based on Socio-psychological perspective of history, we investigate, in the field of educational psychology, the subjective dimension of the work with games of physical education teachers who work in the early grades of elementary school, in a municipality of the state of São Paulo. We studied the subjective significance and meanings that are constituted by the physical education teachers about the game, considering that these meanings have implications for the practical work of these professionals. We started from the concepts of game present in scientific works in the field of Physical Education, with the hypothesis that, these, are views that naturalize the game, not perceiving it as a product of culture and as an activity that contains and reproduces the meanings and social values. As sources, we privileged information obtained through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews and deepening ones. The study findings give visibility to the presence of naturalizing conceptions of games in the constructions of sense and in the teachers‟ meanings, reaffirming other studies and investigations in the area. These visions are hegemonic in our society and in the educational environment, in the legal apparatus, in the laws and documents of the Ministry of Education, all of which are guiding the pedagogical practice of physical education teachers who work in the first grades of elementary school and even the history of the game. Teachers think the game as an activity that stimulates and refreshes the natural potential of students rather than perceiving it as historical and social construction that, as a teaching tool, encourages and enables a specific development. This view makes natural the norms and values that are embedded in games, making them the instrument of reproduction of hegemonic ideas. The teachers‟ speeches still have contradictions, for they reflect the tension between cooperate / compete and show that they deal in a natural way with the rules no longer considering them as an educational tool with critical potential on social relations and values. The devaluation of the work by the Physical Education team manager, by parents and students is also an important aspect of the subjective dimension of teachers' work; working conditions are presented by this devaluation. This set of meanings, in our view, makes it difficult the redefinition of the game as it hinders the development of a critical, wider and collective working project