A relação materno-filial sob a ótica fenomenológico-existencial: dificuldades e repercussões no existir

Abstract

In this research we seek to clarify, based on Heidegger's existential phenomenological perspective, the ways in which the maternal-filial relationship can be accomplished and how this relationship can affect the way a child exists. The purpose was to show how the unveiling of this relationship happens not only in early childhood, but also throughout life. For being a qualitative research, we seek to reflect based on three clinical cases attended in psychotherapy (finished), on the way the mother-child relationship is revealed, and the consequences of this bond in the participants' lives: the perception of themselves, others and the world. The methodology was based on Heidegger's existential phenomenological thinking, as we consider that it could help us clarify the participants' experience in their relationship with their mothers. Thus, in view of their experiences in the maternal-filial relationship during the psychotherapeutic process, we invited them to participate in the research. With their agreement, ethical care was followed based on CNS MS Resolution No. 466/2012, complemented by CNS MS Resolution 510/2016. We performed the analysis of the registration of all sessions and the survey of themes that were later organized into three thematic axes: 1) The modes of mother-daughter relationship 2) Perception of the participant in relation to herself; 3) The unfolding of the mother-daughter relationship in the participant's life, relating the themes among themselves. We noticed many similarities in the mother-branch relationship of the three participants: lack of care, lack of trust in the family bond, aggressiveness, lack of affection, fear and lack of recognition of efforts. Carelessness and lack of trust were the most significant aspects for the unfolding of these participants' lives, affecting their relationship with others, their affective tone and their corporeality. Thus, we highlight the importance of bonding with the mother / caregiver, because, in some way, it is a relationship that favors or disfavors the power-being of a child, and may affect their way of being. For the relevance of this theme to developments in one's life, we think we can contribute to various professionals from health, social and education areas, with new reflections on mother-child dyad, through another perspective. We also indicated studies on the meaning of motherhood considered as fundamental to one's happiness, and the idea of unconditional maternal love, based on the existential phenomenological perspective. This work was carried out with the support of the Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination - Brazil (CAPES) - Financing Code 88887.163110 / 2018-00