A saúde da mulher e o meio ambiente do trabalho

Abstract

In the ancient society, the woman's condiction was a slave, give to birth and breed the kids, take care of domestic tasks. In the old Egypt, in terms of job, the woman could practise just a profession like the commercial skill - the medicine and the rural job. (Temas Atuais de Direito do Trabalho e Direito Processual do Trabalho", by Guilherme José Porvin Pigueiredo, page 295). From the Middle Age, the woman made external job in silk textile activies like a learner. The development of the woman's job appeared in the Age with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. In this period, the female job was explored a lot and bad paid tasks were made in healthiness conditions, from 14 to 16 workin day. In face of this situation, protective labor rules were created like: In England - 1842 - Coal Mining Act - first rules for protection. In France - 1848 - there were protective rules for woman's. In Germany - 1891 - Industrial Code fixed rules to protect job. (" Temas Atuais de Dirieto do Trabalho e Direito Processual, by Guilherme José Porvin Figueiredo, page 295). In the Peace Conference was created the International Organization work and, up to nowadays, legislates Labo Law in order to make sure the protection of the female worker. The second part of the 20th century characterized by mass societeis formed by a complex of political, economical and social relationships, resulted from the disordered industrial and technological progress. With the economical development become visible problems with the environment - fundamental element to person's health and life quality of human beings. So, it appears the idea of supporting development that, according to Edis Milare "(...) attends the necessities of the present moment, without implicating the capacity of the future generations to serve the conditions of their own necessities, used to improve the life quality of h~man beings in the limits of the ecosystems". ( Tutela Jurisdiconal do Meio Ambiente" Revista do Advogado, São Paulo: AASP, n. 37, mp 8, by Edis Milaré, setembro, 1992). In this context, the work environment and the labor activities have a right to a special protection, care that existed since the Industrial Revolution period. The first labor rules concerned the job conditions and acts didn't put in danger the worker's, the woman's health, appearing, later, other rules with the purpose of preventing diseases. The dignified job and the development of the idea about health became necessary the edition of juridical labor rules in order to protect the employee's physical integrity and contemplate the psychosocial factors, specially the worker's health. From the evolution of the juridical rules about job conditions and worker's health, thes study has the interest of presenting the introduction of the woman's job in the labor market and its evolution. It shows offensive agents in the job environment and the effects on workers' health and assurance, emphasizing the woman's situation, face to the conditions of job. Finally, this research intendes to analyse the elimination of dangers, considering the first element of applicability of juridical rules of safety and medicine of job, looking for this result the on of the State, employers and society, resulting a woman worker's